---
title: "A4 (316) Stainless Steel Cross-Bracing and Hillside Washers"
description: "A4 (316) Stainless Steel Cross-Bracing and Hillside Washers (ISO 3506 group A4 (316 / 1.4401), commonly supplied A4-80): superior, including marine and"
url: https://engineeringhardware.com/guide/material/a4-stainless-steel-cross-bracing-and-hillside-washers/
source: Engineering Hardware & Fasteners
---

# A4 (316) Stainless Steel Cross-Bracing and Hillside Washers

Washers · Trade series (cross-bracing washers)

Mechanical properties, corrosion behaviour and the full dimensional range for this grade.

A4 Stainless Steel Cross-Bracing and Hillside Washers are supplied to ISO 3506 group A4 (316 / 1.4401), commonly supplied A4-80. Corrosion behaviour is superior, including marine and chloride environments, the material is largely non-magnetic, and the usable service range is approx. -200 °C to +400 °C, subject to the property class and the joint. In practice this grade is specified for marine, coastal and chemical applications.

- **Grade:** ISO 3506 group A4 (316 / 1.4401), commonly supplied A4-80
- **Corrosion resistance:** Superior, including marine and chloride environments
- **Magnetic response:** Largely non-magnetic
- **Service temperature:** approx. -200 °C to +400 °C, subject to the property class and the joint

Property values are typical for the grade. Certified mechanical test data is available on request for production orders.

![A4 (316) Stainless Steel Cross-Bracing and Hillside Washers reference image](https://engineeringhardware.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/Cross-Bracing-Hillside-Washers.webp)

Material page for cross-bracing and hillside washers in A4 Stainless Steel (ISO 3506 group A4 (316 / 1.4401), commonly supplied A4-80). The sizes below are the ones we supply; there is no published dimensional standard for this article, so the table rather than a standard number is what to quote. Corrosion behaviour is superior, including marine and chloride environments and the service range is approx. -200 °C to +400 °C, subject to the property class and the joint.

## Why Choose A4 Stainless Steel for Cross-Bracing and Hillside Washers

Specified for marine, coastal and chemical applications. For cross-bracing and hillside washers, this matters when superior, including marine and chloride environments is the primary requirement.

## Mechanical & Physical Properties

| Grade designation | ISO 3506 group A4 (316 / 1.4401), commonly supplied A4-80 |
| --- | --- |
| Magnetic response | Largely non-magnetic |
| Service temperature | approx. -200 °C to +400 °C, subject to the property class and the joint |
| Corrosion characteristic | Superior, including marine and chloride environments |

## Corrosion Behavior in Service

A4 (316) adds 2–3% molybdenum to the A2 (304) composition, which dramatically improves resistance to chloride-pitting corrosion. For Cross-Bracing and Hillside Washers in marine, coastal, swimming-pool or food-processing environments, A4 is the default selection.

## Comparable Grades

For Cross-Bracing and Hillside Washers, the alternative stainless grade is A2 (304). The practical dividing line is chlorides: A2 (304) is fine until salt is involved, and A4 (316) exists for the cases where it is — coastal, marine and road-salt service. Neither reaches the strength of a plated class 8.8 or 10.9 fastener.

## Using Stainless Fasteners in Aluminum

Expect the aluminum to corrode, not the fastener — stainless sits higher in the galvanic series, so the aluminum is the one that gives up material. A small fastener in a thick section spreads the loss over a large area and is usually fine; a large fastener in thin sheet concentrates it and is not. Keep water out of the joint, or isolate the two metals with a nylon or coated washer and a sealant.

## Sizes of Cross-Bracing and Hillside Washers Available in A4 Stainless Steel

| Bolt size (in) | A (in) | B (in) | C (in) | D (in) | E (in) | F (in) | G (in) | H (in) | J (in) | K (in) | L (in) | M (in) | N (in) | O (in) | P angle (deg) | Finish options |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 3/8 | 13/16 | 7/16 | 3/8 | 9/16 | 1-3/4 | 7/8 | 9/16 | 1/4 | 1-1/16 | 1-3/16 | 7/16 | 5/16 | 3/8 | 1-3/8 | 53 | plain / galvanized steel |
| 1/2 | 1 | 3/4 | 3/8 | 5/8 | 2-1/16 | 15/16 | 5/8 | 7/8 | 1-1/4 | 1-5/16 | 9/16 | 1/4 | 3/8 | 1-1/2 | 54 | plain / galvanized steel |
| 5/8~1-1/4 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | plain / galvanized steel |

Dimensions are independent of the material: every size above is available in A4 Stainless Steel.

Custom manufacturing · Made to drawing

## Need this washer in a grade that is not listed?

A4 Stainless Steel is one of the grades the catalog describes. Bore, outside diameter, thickness, temper and finish are the variables here — there is no thread to specify, so the fit and the bearing area are what the drawing has to pin down. Made by stamping or punching.

Minimum order from 2,000 pieces; samples within 7 days of drawing approval.

[Custom washer manufacturing](https://engineeringhardware.com/custom/washers/)[Send a drawing](https://engineeringhardware.com/custom/washers/#rfq)

## Technical Drawing

Dimensioned line drawing of 3/8 Cross-Bracing and Hillside Washers to Trade series (cross-bracing washers). Side view and top view, drawn to the dimensions in the table below and redrawn for any size selected.

- **A (in):** 13/16
- **B (in):** 7/16
- **C (in):** 3/8
- **D (in):** 9/16
- **E (in):** 1-3/4
- **F (in):** 7/8
- **G (in):** 9/16
- **H (in):** 1/4
- **J (in):** 1-1/16
- **K (in):** 1-3/16
- **L (in):** 7/16
- **M (in):** 5/16

## Dimensions & Specifications (Trade series (cross-bracing washers))

| Bolt size (in) | A (in) | B (in) | C (in) | D (in) | E (in) | F (in) | G (in) | H (in) | J (in) | K (in) | L (in) | M (in) | N (in) | O (in) | P angle (deg) | Finish options |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 3/8 | 13/16 | 7/16 | 3/8 | 9/16 | 1-3/4 | 7/8 | 9/16 | 1/4 | 1-1/16 | 1-3/16 | 7/16 | 5/16 | 3/8 | 1-3/8 | 53 | plain / galvanized steel |
| 1/2 | 1 | 3/4 | 3/8 | 5/8 | 2-1/16 | 15/16 | 5/8 | 7/8 | 1-1/4 | 1-5/16 | 9/16 | 1/4 | 3/8 | 1-1/2 | 54 | plain / galvanized steel |
| 5/8~1-1/4 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | plain / galvanized steel |

Product catalog

## Related Cross-Bracing and Hillside Washers products

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Flat & Other Precision Washers

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Spiral Washer · Carbon Steel

**US$6,000 – 84,000**MOQ 1 piece

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### [Carbon Steel Galvanized Ceiling Shooting Nail Fixing Special Drive Pin with Metal Washer](https://engineeringhardware.com/product/carbon-steel-galvanized-ceiling-shooting-nail-fixing-special-drive-pin-with-metal/)

Common Nail · ANSI, DIN, GB, ISO, JIS

**US$0.60 – 1.20**MOQ 10,000 pieces

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Flat & Other Precision Washers

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Conical Washer · DIN17670

**US$0.06 – 0.11**MOQ 10,000 pieces

[![Screw Sand Washer Factory Price Single Double Spiral Sand Washer](https://img.engineeringhardware.com/Screw-Sand-Washer-Factory-Price-Single-Double-Spiral-Sand-Washer.webp)](https://engineeringhardware.com/product/screw-sand-washer-factory-price-single-double-spiral-sand-washer/)

Flat & Other Precision Washers

### [Screw Sand Washer Factory Price Single Double Spiral Sand Washer](https://engineeringhardware.com/product/screw-sand-washer-factory-price-single-double-spiral-sand-washer/)

Spiral Sand Washer · Carbon Steel

**US$7,200**MOQ 1 piece

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Flat & Other Precision Washers

### [China Supplier DIN 125 High Strength Carbon Steel Flat Washer](https://engineeringhardware.com/product/china-supplier-din-125-high-strength-carbon-steel-flat-washer/)

Round Head · DIN, ANSI, GB, BSW, GOST

**US$816.00 – 1,440**MOQ 1 ton

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Flat & Other Precision Washers

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Spiral Sand Washer · ISO, CE, TUV

**US$1,200**MOQ 1 piece

[View all Flat & Other Precision Washers →](https://engineeringhardware.com/fastener-products/washers/flat-other-precision-washers/) [Full product catalog](https://engineeringhardware.com/products/)

## Materials & Grades

Select a material class to see the grades we supply it in. Each designation is listed with its ISO/EN, AISI/SAE, JIS and GB equivalents.

Stainless Steel38 Carbon Steel66 Alloy Steel41 Bearing Steel5 Spring Steel25 Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys21 Brass17 Bronze11 Copper8 Titanium and Titanium Alloys18 Nickel and Nickel Alloys22 Iron-Nickel and High-Temperature Alloys10 Tool Steel and Specialty Hardened Steel9 Structural and Construction Steel9

### Stainless Steel

#### Austenitic Stainless Steel

- A1 AISI 303 · SAE 303 · SUS303 · EN 1.4305 · X8CrNiS18-9
- A2 AISI 304 · SAE 304 · SUS304 · EN 1.4301 · X5CrNi18-10 · 06Cr19Ni10
- 304L AISI 304L · SUS304L · EN 1.4307 · X2CrNi18-9 · 022Cr19Ni10
- 302 AISI 302 · SUS302 · EN 1.4310
- 305 AISI 305 · SUS305 · EN 1.4303
- A4 AISI 316 · SAE 316 · SUS316 · EN 1.4401 · X5CrNiMo17-12-2 · 06Cr17Ni12Mo2
- 316L AISI 316L · SUS316L · EN 1.4404 · X2CrNiMo17-12-2 · 022Cr17Ni12Mo2
- 321 AISI 321 · SUS321 · EN 1.4541 · X6CrNiTi18-10
- 310 / 310S AISI 310 · AISI 310S · SUS310S · EN 1.4845
- 302HQ AISI 302HQ
- A3
- A5
- 347 AISI 347 · SUS347 · EN 1.4550 · X6CrNiNb18-10
- 309 / 309S AISI 309 · AISI 309S · SUS309S

#### Martensitic Stainless Steel

- AISI 410 SUS410 · EN 1.4006 · X12Cr13 · 12Cr13
- AISI 420 SUS420J1 · SUS420J2 · EN 1.4021 · EN 1.4028 · 20Cr13 · 30Cr13
- AISI 431 SUS431 · EN 1.4057 · X17CrNi16-2
- C1
- C3
- C4
- AISI 440A
- AISI 440B
- AISI 440C SUS440C · EN 1.4125

#### Ferritic Stainless Steel

- AISI 430 SUS430 · EN 1.4016 · X6Cr17 · 10Cr17
- F1
- AISI 434
- AISI 444

#### Precipitation-Hardening Stainless Steel

- 17-4 PH AISI 630 · UNS S17400 · SUS630 · EN 1.4542 · X5CrNiCuNb16-4
- 15-5 PH UNS S15500
- 17-7 PH UNS S17700

#### Duplex and Super Duplex Stainless Steel

- Duplex 2205 UNS S31803 · UNS S32205 · EN 1.4462
- Super Duplex 2507 UNS S32750 · EN 1.4410
- D2
- D4
- D6
- D8
- Lean Duplex 2101 UNS S32101
- Super Duplex S32760 UNS S32760 · EN 1.4501

### Carbon Steel

#### Low-Carbon Steel

- SAE 1006
- SAE 1008
- SAE 1010
- SAE 1018
- SAE 1020
- Q195
- Q235
- SAE 1012
- SAE 1015
- Q215
- ML08
- ML08Al
- ML10
- ML15
- ML20
- SWRCH6A
- SWRCH8A
- SWRCH10A
- SWRCH12A
- SWRCH15A
- SWRCH18A

#### Medium-Carbon Steel

- SAE 1035
- SAE 1045
- S45C
- C45
- SAE 1030
- SAE 1040
- SAE 1050
- 30
- 35
- 40
- 45
- 50
- S35C
- S40C
- S50C
- C35
- C40

#### High-Carbon Steel

- SAE 1060
- SAE 1070
- 65Mn
- SAE 1065
- SAE 1075
- SAE 1080
- SAE 1085
- SAE 1090
- SAE 1095
- 60
- 65
- 70
- 75
- 80
- 85

#### Cold-Heading Steel

- SWRCH22A
- 10B21
- SWRCH22K
- SWRCH25K
- SWRCH30K
- SWRCH35K
- SWRCH40K
- ML20Mn
- ML25
- ML30
- ML35
- ML40
- 15B25

### Alloy Steel

#### Chromium Steel

- 40Cr
- 45Cr
- AISI 5140
- SAE 5140
- AISI 5120
- SAE 5120
- SCr420
- SCr440

#### Chromium-Molybdenum Steel

- 35CrMo
- 42CrMo
- AISI 4140
- SCM435
- SCM440
- 42CrMo4
- 30CrMo
- AISI 4130
- SAE 4130
- SAE 4140
- AISI 4142
- AISI 4145
- SCM415
- SCM420
- SCM445
- EN 1.7220
- EN 1.7225
- 25CrMo4
- 34CrMo4

#### Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum Steel

- AISI 4340
- SAE 4340
- 40CrNiMo
- SNCM439
- EN 1.6511
- 36CrNiMo4

#### Boron Alloy Steel

- 10B22
- 10B21
- 15B21
- 15B25
- 20MnTiB
- 20Mn2B
- 35VB
- 40MnB

### Bearing Steel

#### Bearing Steel

- GCr15
- AISI 52100 SAE 52100 · UNS G52986
- SUJ2
- 100Cr6 EN 1.3505
- GCr15SiMn

### Spring Steel

#### Carbon Spring Steel

- SAE 1065
- SAE 1070
- SAE 1075
- SAE 1080
- SAE 1095
- 65
- 70
- 75
- 80
- 65Mn

#### Silicon-Manganese Spring Steel

- 60Si2Mn
- 60Si2MnA
- SUP6
- SUP7

#### Chromium-Vanadium Spring Steel

- 50CrVA
- SAE 6150
- AISI 6150
- SUP10

#### Stainless Spring Steel

- AISI 301
- SUS301
- EN 1.4310
- AISI 302
- AISI 304
- AISI 316
- 17-7 PH

### Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys

#### Commercially Pure Aluminum

- 1050
- 1060
- 1070
- 1100

#### 2xxx Series Aluminum

- 2024
- 2011
- 2014
- 2017

#### 5xxx Series Aluminum

- 5052
- 5083
- 5754

#### 6xxx Series Aluminum

- 6061
- 6061-T6
- 6063
- 6082
- 6082-T6

#### 7xxx Series Aluminum

- 7075
- 7075-T6
- 7005
- 7050
- 7075-T73

### Brass

#### Free-Cutting Brass

- C36000
- H62
- HPb59-1
- C3601
- C3602
- C3604
- CuZn36Pb3
- CuZn39Pb3
- EN CW614N
- EN CW617N
- H65

#### Lead-Free Brass

- C69300
- C27450
- CW510L
- CW511L

#### Naval Brass

- C46400
- CuZn39Sn1

### Bronze

#### Silicon Bronze

- C65500
- C65100
- C65600

#### Phosphor Bronze

- C51000
- C52100
- CuSn6
- CuSn8

#### Aluminum Bronze

- C95400
- C95500
- C63000
- CuAl10Ni5Fe4

### Copper

#### Copper

- C11000
- T2
- C10100
- C10200
- C12200
- T1
- TU1
- TU2

### Titanium and Titanium Alloys

#### Commercially Pure Titanium

- Grade 2
- Grade 1
- Grade 3
- Grade 4
- TA1
- TA2
- TA3

#### Alpha-Beta Titanium Alloys

- Grade 5
- Ti-6Al-4V
- TC4
- UNS R56400

#### Low-Interstitial Grade

- Grade 23
- Ti-6Al-4V ELI
- UNS R56407

#### Other Titanium Fastener Alloys

- Ti-6Al-6V-2Sn
- Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo
- Beta-C titanium
- Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al

### Nickel and Nickel Alloys

#### Commercially Pure Nickel

- Nickel 200
- UNS N02200
- Nickel 201
- UNS N02201

#### Inconel Alloys

- Inconel 625 UNS N06625
- Inconel 718 UNS N07718
- Inconel 600 UNS N06600
- Inconel 601 UNS N06601
- Inconel 686 UNS N06686
- Inconel X-750 UNS N07750

#### Monel Alloys

- Monel 400 UNS N04400
- Monel K-500 UNS N05500

#### Hastelloy Alloys

- Hastelloy C-276 UNS N10276
- Hastelloy C-22 UNS N06022
- Hastelloy B-2 UNS N10665
- Hastelloy B-3 UNS N10675
- Hastelloy X UNS N06002

#### Other Nickel Alloys

- Alloy 20 UNS N08020
- Alloy 625
- Alloy 718
- Alloy 825 UNS N08825
- Alloy 925 UNS N09925

### Iron-Nickel and High-Temperature Alloys

#### A286

- A-286
- UNS S66286
- EN 1.4980

#### Invar

- Invar 36
- Alloy 36
- UNS K93600
- FeNi36

#### Alloy 42

- Alloy 42
- UNS K94100
- FeNi42

### Tool Steel and Specialty Hardened Steel

#### Tool Steel and Specialty Hardened Steel

- AISI D2
- AISI H13
- SKD11
- Cr12MoV
- AISI O1
- AISI A2
- AISI S7
- SKD61
- 9CrSi

### Structural and Construction Steel

#### Structural and Construction Steel

- ASTM A36
- Q235B
- Q355B
- S355JR
- Q235C
- Q355C
- S235JR
- S275JR
- S355J2

## Applications & Industries

What Cross-Bracing and Hillside Washers are specified for, industry by industry. Stocked from 3/8 to 5/8~1-1/4 (screw size).

### Industries that specify Cross-Bracing and Hillside Washers

- **Pole and frame work:** The formed profile bears on an irregular timber face.
- **Heavy carpentry:** The washer geometry follows the bolt size and brace angle.
- **Timber bracing:** Large hillside washers spread bolt load across angled or sloped wood surfaces.
- **Agricultural structures:** Galvanized options support exposed cross-bracing connections.
- **Timber & construction:** Large-diameter washers that stop pull-through in softer material.
- **Rotating & vibrating plant:** Spring, tooth and wedge types that maintain or lock bolt tension.

### Typical applications

- checking the supplied angle and offset dimensions
- choosing plain or galvanized steel for the environment
- spreading a bolt load across a braced timber connection
- matching the washer geometry to 3/8 through 1-1/4 in bolts
- protecting a painted or plated surface under a turned nut
- maintaining bolt tension in a joint that settles

### Service conditions to specify against

- **Marine and coastal:** Available in A4 (316) stainless for chloride exposure — coastal structures, pool halls, water treatment and deck hardware, where A2 will eventually pit.
- **Exterior structural:** Hot-dip galvanised options for external steelwork; allow for the thicker coating in the mating thread.
- **Hardness matters:** Under a high-strength bolt a soft washer embeds into the joint and preload is lost — specify a hardened washer for structural bolting.

### Where to use something else

- Do not flatten or substitute a flat washer when the brace geometry relies on the formed hillside profile.

[Full application guide: where Cross-Bracing and Hillside Washers are used, how to specify them, and the cases they are wrong for](https://engineeringhardware.com/applications/cross-bracing-and-hillside-washers/)

Inside the plant

## Manufactured in our own plant

This part is cold-formed, threaded, heat-treated and finished in-house. The stages below are where its class and finish are actually decided.

1. ![Wire rod feeding into a cold heading machine](https://engineeringhardware.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/09-wire-rod-feed-cold-heading-machine.webp) 01 **Cold heading** Wire rod is drawn to size and cold-formed into blanks. Forming rather than cutting keeps the grain flow continuous around the head, which is where a bolt is most likely to fail. Head dimensions and under-head radius checked at set-up and per shift.
2. ![Thread rolling machine producing bolt threads](https://engineeringhardware.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/03-thread-rolling-machine-bolt-production.webp) 02 **Thread rolling** Threads are rolled between hardened dies rather than cut. Rolled threads are stronger in fatigue than cut threads and hold pitch and flank angle far more consistently across a batch. Go / no-go ring gauges to ISO 965 tolerance class 6g.
3. ![Baskets of bolts staged for heat treatment](https://engineeringhardware.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/05-heat-treatment-baskets-black-bolts.webp) 03 **Heat treatment** Quench-and-temper brings carbon and alloy steel to the property class ordered — 8.8, 10.9 or 12.9 — with the furnace charge tracked so a finished lot can be traced back to it. Core hardness and tensile tested per lot to ISO 898-1.
4. ![Zinc plated bolts in a treatment basket](https://engineeringhardware.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/23-zinc-plated-bolts-treatment-basket.webp) 04 **Surface treatment** Zinc, zinc-nickel, hot-dip galvanizing, black oxide, phosphate and Dacromet, selected against the service environment rather than against the price list. Coating thickness and neutral salt spray hours to ISO 9227.

## Frequently Asked Questions

### What's the service temperature limit for A4 Stainless Steel?

The practical service range is approx. -200 °C to +400 °C, subject to the property class and the joint.

### Can A4 Stainless Steel replace plated alloy steel structurally?

Only at the standard strength classes — A2-70 / A4-80 are roughly equivalent to class 7 steel; A4-100 reaches class 8.8. For class 10.9 or 12.9 strength, plated alloy steel is required.

### Are A4 Stainless Steel Cross-Bracing and Hillside Washers magnetic?

A4 Stainless Steel Cross-Bracing and Hillside Washers are largely non-magnetic.

### What corrosion resistance do A4 Stainless Steel Cross-Bracing and Hillside Washers offer?

A4 Stainless Steel Cross-Bracing and Hillside Washers provide superior, including marine and chloride environments with a service range of approx. -200 °C to +400 °C, subject to the property class and the joint.

### How do I request a quotation?

Use the technical drawing on this page to pick the exact configuration, then submit it with the quote form. We respond within one business day.

## Related Pages

[View the full Cross-Bracing and Hillside Washers page](https://engineeringhardware.com/fastener/cross-bracing-and-hillside-washers/)

### More Cross-Bracing and Hillside Washers Guides