Grade 12.9 Steel Phillips Countersunk Screws pairs the standard ISO 7046 / DIN 965 with a Grade 12.9 Steel base material. The sections below cover why engineers select this grade for phillips countersunk screws, its corrosion and temperature behavior, and the sizes available.
Why Choose Grade 12.9 Steel for Phillips Countersunk Screws
The highest common strength class, for high-load machine assembly. For phillips countersunk screws, this matters when requires plating or black-oxide protection is the primary requirement.
Mechanical & Physical Properties
| Grade designation | class 12.9 |
|---|---|
| Magnetic response | Magnetic |
| Service temperature | up to approx. +300 °C |
| Corrosion characteristic | Requires plating or black-oxide protection |
Corrosion Behavior in Service
Carbon and alloy steel phillips countersunk screws require a coating for corrosion protection. Zinc plating (with or without passivation) is the most common; hot-dip galvanizing is used for outdoor structural service; black-oxide is mainly a tarnish-prevention finish for tool-room use.
Galvanic & Galling Considerations
For phillips countersunk screws in steel, the dominant compatibility issue is hydrogen embrittlement at high property classes (10.9 and above) when electroplated. Plating must be followed by an appropriate baking treatment, or a non-electroplated finish (mechanical zinc, zinc flake) should be substituted.
Sizes of Phillips Countersunk Screws Available in Grade 12.9 Steel
| Size | Pitch (mm) | Head diameter dk (mm) | Head height k (mm) | Cross recess | Countersink angle (deg) | Reference standard |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M1.6 | 0.35 | 3.0 | 0.96 | PH0 | 90 | ISO 7046 / DIN 965 |
| M2 | 0.4 | 3.8 | 1.2 | PH1 | 90 | ISO 7046 / DIN 965 |
| M2.5 | 0.45 | 4.7 | 1.5 | PH1 | 90 | ISO 7046 / DIN 965 |
| M3 | 0.5 | 5.6 | 1.65 | PH1 | 90 | ISO 7046 / DIN 965 |
| M3.5 | 0.6 | 6.5 | 1.93 | PH2 | 90 | ISO 7046 / DIN 965 |
| M4 | 0.7 | 7.5 | 2.2 | PH2 | 90 | ISO 7046 / DIN 965 |
| M5 | 0.8 | 9.2 | 2.5 | PH2 | 90 | ISO 7046 / DIN 965 |
| M6 | 1.0 | 11.0 | 3.0 | PH3 | 90 | ISO 7046 / DIN 965 |
| M8 | 1.25 | 14.5 | 4.0 | PH3 | 90 | ISO 7046 / DIN 965 |
| M10 | 1.5 | 18.0 | 5.0 | PH4 | 90 | ISO 7046 / DIN 965 |